Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority Claims for Looked After Children
Related guidance
The Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme is a government-funded scheme to compensate victims of violent crime, administered by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). Where a Looked After child appears to qualify (see Section 2, Eligibility), legal advice must always be sought as to whether or not an application should be made.
Note that awards will not be made which would result in the person causing the injury to benefit from the award.
The Scheme is intended to compensate blameless victims of crimes of violence. The CICA will take into account the circumstances surrounding the incident and the claimant's character. This could include considerations such as, for example, a history of anti-social behaviour on the part of the claimant, or the claimant having acted in such a way as to provoke the incident. Compensation can be withheld or reduced if the applicant has unspent convictions, even if they have been blameless in relation to the incident giving rise to the claim. Reduction depends on how recent the conviction was and its severity.
The Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority can be contacted for advice on eligibility and making a claim.
A child/young person may be eligible if they:
- Were a direct victim of a crime of violence;
- Were not to blame for the incident;
- Sustained an injury while taking an exceptional and justified risk, while trying to remedy or prevent a crime;
- Sustained a mental injury as a result of witnessing or being involved in the immediate aftermath of an incident in which a loved one sustains a criminal injury; or
- Are a qualifying relative of a victim who has died from injuries caused by a crime of violence.
A 'crime of violence' may include:
- A physical attack;
- Any other act or omission of a violent nature which causes physical injury to a person;
- A threat against a person, causing fear of immediate violence in circumstances which would cause a person of reasonable firmness to be put in such fear;
- A sexual assault to which a person did not in fact consent; or
- Arson or fire-raising.
Contact the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority for advice on eligibility.
Applications should always be made as soon as possible and in general, must be made within 2 years of the event giving rise to the claim. However, where the applicant was under 18 at the time of the incident special provision is made regarding timescales as follows:
- If the incident or period of abuse was reported to the police before the young person turned 18, a claim must be received by the CICA within the period ending on the young person's 20th birthday;
- If the incident or period of abuse took place before the young person turned 18, but was not reported to the police at the time, a claim must be received by the CICA within two years of the date when the incident was first reported to the police.
An application will not be accepted under these special provisions unless a claims officer is satisfied that the evidence presented in support of the application means that it can be determined without further extensive enquiries by the claims officer.
A claims officer may extend the periods referred to above in exceptional circumstances where the applicant could not have applied earlier and the application can be determined without further extensive enquiries by a claims officer.
All incidents must be reported to the police before a claim can be made to the CICA.
Reports to the police should be made as soon as is reasonably practicable.
Applications can be made:
- Online, at GOV.UK;
and - By telephone to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority. Customer Service Centre advisors can assist in making a claim over the telephone.
Supporting Evidence
The following supporting evidence must be supplied:
- Proof of satisfaction of the residency requirements;
- Basic medical evidence showing that the child/young person suffered an injury that can be compensated under the Scheme.
The CICA may collect the following evidence:
- Confirmation from the police that the incident was reported to the police;
- Confirmation from the police and/or witnesses that the behaviour of the child/young person did not contribute to the incident in which the injuries were received;
- Confirmation from the police that the child/young person co-operated with them;
- Additional medical evidence, if the injuries are complex or the applicant is claiming for mental illness.
Legal advice should be sought without delay as to whether or not the offer should be accepted.
The acceptance form must be completed and returned within 56 days of it being sent. If it is not returned within 56 days, and no written request has been made for a review or an extension of time, a payment will not be made.
The CICA may extend the 56-day time limit for up to a further 56 days where, due to exceptional circumstances, the applicant could not have complied with the time limit. Only one such extension may be allowed.
If legal advice is received that the decision should be reviewed, written application for a review must be submitted within 56 days of the date of the original decision. A review form will be sent with the decision. Any additional evidence in support of the claim must be submitted.
If it will take longer than 56 days to collect the supporting evidence, a request should be made for the time limit to be extended by up to a further 56 days. Such requests can be made after the expiry of the first 56 days, but such requests will only be granted if there are exceptional circumstances which meant you could not have requested an extension earlier.
The decision will be reviewed by a different claims officer.
The review decision can be more or less favourable than the original decision, or the original decision may be unchanged.
If the review decision is not accepted, an appeal may be made.
A review decision can be challenged by appealing, within 90 days of the date of the review decision, to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation). An appeal form will be sent with the review decision. The form and supporting evidence should be sent to:
HMCTS
Glasgow Tribunals Centre
20 York Street
Glasgow
G2 8GT
The Tribunal is independent of the CICA.
The Tribunal will provide notification in respect of whether the appeal will be decided using either the paperwork in the case or a hearing. An appellant can ask the Tribunal for a hearing if they are unhappy with not being given one.
The appeal tribunal may make a decision that is more favourable or less favourable than the review decision, or the review decision can stay the same.
Wherever possible claims are settled by a single lump sum payment. Where eligibility for a payment has been determined but a final decision has not been reached then an interim payment can be considered.
No compensation will be paid until the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority receives an acceptance of the award in writing. Every effort must therefore be made to minimise the delay in responding to the Authority.
If the payment is accepted, the CICA will then normally put the money in an interest-earning deposit account in the child's name, the payment to be paid to the child (together with all interest earned) when they reach 18.
The CICA may consider requests to make payment into a Child Trust Fund/Junior ISA or another type of account where the full value of the payment is protected until the child is 18 years old.
A claims officer may give directions, impose conditions and make such other arrangements as the claims officer considers appropriate in connection with the acceptance, payment or administration of an award.
The CICA may allow advances if these are needed for the child's sole benefit, education or welfare (not for general spending money).
They may consider making a full payment if the child is 16 or 17 years of age and living independently.
The CICA will need evidence (normally a receipt) proving that it has been used for the purposes intended. If they don't get this evidence, they will not allow any further advances.
When the young person reaches the age of 18 years, responsibility for handling the money awarded by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority will be handed over to them unless they are felt to be incapable of dealing with it.
If the CICA receive evidence which shows it would not be in the child's best interests to be given the payment as a lump sum when they turns 18, they may give further consideration to the use of an annuity or a trust at that time.
Last Updated: February 28, 2023
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